Climate Change Observatory warns of disease outbreaks in several regions.

According to the Dekadal Climate Forecasts and Alerts bulletin number 236 covering September 11 to 20, 2025, there is a high risk of malaria transmission in the Sudano-Sahelian, Guinea High Savannah and southern parts of the country. Stagnant water from heavy rains is expected to create breeding grounds for mosquitoes, raising the likelihood of increased infections. 

The observatory has also highlighted a strong probability of waterborne diarrhoeal diseases such as cholera and acute diarrhoea. Contamination of drinking water points by polluted run-off, the observatory disclosed, is expected in flood-prone zones including the Far North, Adamawa, West, North West, South West and Littoral regions.

According to the bulletin, low minimum temperatures, combined with high humidity, pose further risks for respiratory diseases. Elderly people and children under five are identified as particularly vulnerable in the Adamawa, Western Highlands, Littoral, South West, Centre, South and East regions. Cold-related conditions, including joints pain in those suffering from arthritis and rheumatism, are also forecast to increase.

Risk of road accidents, injuries

In addition to health concerns, the NOCC bulletin also warns of violent winds and thunderstorms accompanying the rains, which could trigger domestic and road accidents. The bulletin further warns of falling trees, collapsing walls and damaged rooftops across the southern regions, with potential consequences for public safety.

Proposed precautionary measures

The NOCC has advised strict adherence to hygiene measures to prevent waterborne diseases, including careful handling of drinking water and food. It also urged residents to boil or treat water before consumption and avoid using contaminated sources. 

To reduce exposure to cold, the observatory recommends wearing warm clothing, avoiding prolonged outdoor activity in the evening and night, and taking hot drinks regularly. For malaria prevention, it encouraged communities to drain stagnant water around homes and use insecticide-treated mosquito nets.

Agricultural sector not spared

The risks forecasted by the bulletin also extend to livestock, with respiratory diseases expected in cattle, pigs and poultry due to damp and cold conditions. Farmers are urged to strengthen farm heating systems and work closely with veterinary services to limit losses. In crop production, strong winds and heavy rains threaten orchards and vegetable farms, with authorities calling on farmers to follow seasonal agricultural guidelines.

This article was first published in The Guardian Post Edition No:3566 of Tuesday September 16, 2025